2.3 Earthquake Hazards and Safety

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Vocabulary

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Liquefaction- soil turning into liquid mud because of the violent shaking of the earthquake
Aftershock- an small earthquake that happens after a larger earthquake
Tsunami- a huge wave caused by an underwater earthquake
Base-isolated building- a building designed to reduce the amount of energy during an earthquake

Outline

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How Earthquakes Cause Damage

• can topple buildings,create fires,landslides,ect

Local Soil Conditions

• loose soil shakes more than rock when seismic waves reach them
  • house built on rock will shake less than house built on loose soil

Liquefaction

• when quake suddenly shakes loose soil, it turns into mud
  • can cause landslides

Aftershocks

• occurs hours,days,or months after an earthquake

Tsunamis

• when quake happens underwater it pushes water,making waves
  • waves grow larger as they reach the shore

Making Buildings Safer

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• buildings should be flexible
  • old buildings should have base-isolated bearings

Protecting Yourself During An Earthquake

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• drop,cover,and hold
  • go under a table or desk